Periodontal diagnosis pre- intra- and post-orthodontic treatment

Periodontal diagnosis is a main step in orthodontic treatment plan. Orthodontist should have a deep knowledge about diagnosis parameters (both clinical and radiographic) in order to make a correct periodontal diagnosis. The aim of periodontal diagnosis before orthodontic treatment, is to evaluate the patient's anatomical features (gingival biotype, frenula, etc...) and to discover the presence of gingivitis and\or periodontitis to be treated. Periodontal monitoring during orthodontic treatment is necessary to avoid that orthodontic forces could contribute to determine the insurgence of periodontal lesions (pockets, recessions) in patients at risk. The orthodontic hardware could determine difficulties in periodontal probing so that it is of main importance a careful revaluation at the end of orthodontic treatment.