A THREE-LEVEL VIEW OF READINESS MODELS: STATISTICAL AND MANAGERIAL INSIGHTS ON INDUSTRY 4.0

Over the last ten years, business intelligence (BI) and data analytics (DA) have been constantly increasing their impact on information management and firms’ strategies, mostly in decision-making processes. Moreover, using new tools in so-called digitalization has become a core element and may help firms sustain their competitive advantages together with multiple side effects. Therefore, this paper adopts a service ecosystem perspective and focuses on firms’ level of digitalization to observe the effects of technologies seen as actors, as well as the deriving outlooks beyond the firm level. Additionally, a multilevel view is aligned with the digital service ecosystem and supports the analysis of Industry 4.0 as sociotechnical factors in smart manufacturing technologies. Using principal component analysis (PCA), an analysis of the industries is run to identify where the modernization of manufacturing and the contribution of digitalization show lower levels of readiness. Furthermore, the purpose of the analysis is to alert a firm about the chance to get the most from digitalization or to enhance the level of implementation of these technologies. A three-level view emerges because novel technology implementation ranges from companies to industries to regions; therefore, a general process of digitalization may also increase competitiveness at a wider level.