KPIs to Assess the National Power Grid Performance: The Italian Case Study

Nowadays, counteracting global warming is imperative. Governments worldwide are actively promoting strategies to reduce environmental pollution by progressively decreasing the use of fossil fuels in favour of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). This shift from fossil fuel-based energy production to RES is known as the energy transition. In this context, national power grids play a fundamental role, as their reliability and resilience are crucial for the widespread adoption of RES. Therefore, system operators must make significant efforts to enhance the performance of the grids they manage. This work aims to develop a set of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to assess the current state of power grids and guide system operators in addressing critical performance aspects. In particular, the Italian case study is analyzed, focusing on the country's different market zones and government policy actions on efficiency applied to the national power grid.