Western and Eastern human capital meets in the T-shaped logic

Shifting from a structural and hierarchical to a multidisciplinary approach, the Human Capital is evolving. There is the need of reskilling and upskilling to be in line with the current and turbulent economic and digital changes. Companies need to deal with such change adopting a T-shape logic. We pursue this perspective so as to offer new insights for the European and, in particular Italian, scenario. This orientation promotes lifelong learning and encourages multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches to human capital development. This chapter leverages the T-shaped logic as a conceptual framework to interpret the interplay between horizontal, multidisciplinary competencies and vertical, specialized tools in human capital management. By employing the three-pillar model of Intellectual Capital such as human, structural, and relational, the analysis identifies a misalignment between theoretical ambitions and practical implementations, considering the Italian realm