Comparison of Excess Weight Loss and Body Composition Between Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients Following Gastic Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy

Background Bariatric surgery provides excellent results in term of weight loss and improve associated metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is low evidence in literature about changes in body composition in relation to different bariatric procedures and the presence of T2DM. Aim of this study is to evaluate changes in body composition in diabetic obese patients vs. non-diabetic obese patients who underwent different bariatric procedures, Gastric bypass (LRYGB) or Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG). Methods the Body composition of obese patients eligible to surgery was evaluated by bioelectrical impedence analysis (Tanita BC 418-MA) before and 1-year after surgery. A variation test was used to analyze results (BMI and body composition). Results 46 patients underwent bariatric procedures: 20 patients LRYGB and 26 patients SG. 21 patients preoperatively suffered from T2DM and 25 did not. Data concerning BMI and body composition were collected at baseline and 1- year follow-up in four subgroups of patients: obese non-diabetic patients (group 1) and obese diabetic patients (group 2) who underwent LRYGB, obese non-diabetic patients (group 3) and obese diabetic patients (group 4) who underwent Sleeve gastrectomy. At 1-year follow-up, fat mass and fat-free mass differences in percentage were statistically significant in each subgroup. There were no statistically significant differences as regards BMI, fat mass and fat-free mass percentages between subgroups 1 and 2 as there were, in contrast, between group 3 and 4. Conclusions bariatric surgery can induce good results in term of weight loss, reduction of fat mass as well as fat-free mass improvement. Obese diabetic patients submitted to Sleeve Gastrectomy have a worse improvement of fat mass and free-fat mass compared to non diabetic patients submitted to the same procedure.