ABITARE INSIEME NEI PAESAGGI CULTURALI: il caso del paesaggio culturale del Cilento

Italy is the nation with the largest number of UNESCO cultural landscapes in the world. In fact, our Country have had the recognition by the international community of as many as five areas, two of which in the Campania Region and specifically in the province of Salerno, with a strongly accentuated identity characters to the point of being recognized as world cultural heritage. Taking a cue from research MIBAC│REGION│UNIVERSITY rural heritage in Campania conducted by an interdisciplinary team that has highlighted the different housing conditions of the Cilento Park and Vesuvian areas, we wondered: “Is it possible to feel part of a community living in low-density spaces? Can social interaction be generated from spatial and perceptual sharing of the landscape in which you recognize people, settlement nuclei, practices and traditions, by attaching to it the unifying element for a common identity? The study and analysis carried out on the residential and rural architecture was able to reconstruct the evolutionary states and, starting from their spatial simplicity, it included not only the logic of composition and complexity of some building volumes, but also the integrating and anthropological environmental contexts. In the particular case of Cilento, the collocation in the territory and the external and internal space organization of rural buildings were still fully readable document of the uses and the modus vivendi of people used to live there. The buildings, although for simple functions, have distinctive architectural and recurring characters, which become identified with that unique landscape in the world: the peculiarities of these buildings make it noticeable to anyone the strong value of the identity of the landscape. In addition, by the analysis of their placement on the territory and by the review of the spatial organization of rural architecture, it has emerged the evidence of which was the relationship of the social cooperation. In fact, it is possible to classify the type of economical production through the spatial organization of architectural artifacts which had different compositional and technology development according to the activities carried out and therefore the uses to which spaces were designed for. Hence the different types, which, however, coexisted with each other. Then the landscape becomes a promoter and a measurement of a collective territorial-scale living rather than hardback to urban boundaries, recreating a social identification recognizable at a glance along a motorway. The contribution aims to present a reflection on the identity of a community feeling that is not necessarily tied to living together or in forms of cohabitation and high-density aggregation as occurs in coastal areas, but it can be an accentuated feeling even in apparently dispersed communities like in the internal area of Cilento.