The αs2-casein is an important phosphoprotein secreted in ruminants’ milk but, nowadays, the encoding gene (CSN1S2) has not been characterized in buffaloes. In this study, we report the first characterization of buffalo CSN1S2 gene and its artiodactyla retroposons (RTs) distribution. For this purpose, we amplified and sequenced the whole gene of 2 Mediterranean river subjects eared in Campania (Italy). The gene includes 1025 bp of coding (18 exons) and 17578bp of intronic regions, 937 bp at the 5’-end and 707 bp at the 3’-end and it is characterized by 13 RTs. The first (named A) is located in the promoter region and appears to be a Bov-tA2. Further 2 elements are located in intron 1 (B and C) and show a strong similarity with L1_Art sequence. Two Bov-tA2 are located in the intron 2 (D and E). The intron eight includes a Bov-B (F), whereas the intron 12 contains a Bov-A2 (G). Five additional retroposons (H, I, L, M, N) are located in the intron 13 (Bov-tA1), 15 (Bov-A2) and 17 (Bov-tA1, Bov-B, Bov-A2). Finally, a Bov-tA2 (O) is located in the 3’ UT, near to the last exon. The observed RTs represent 19.45% of the whole gene. This figure decreases considerably in the bovine and caprine/ovine counterpart because of presence/absence of RTs observed in these species. In particular, the bovine CSN1S2 does not show the element B and C and, at the same time, includes expanded Bov-A monomers (Bov-A3 in cattle and Bov-A2, G in buffalo). Sheep and goat have a similar gene structure and, when compared to buffalo, the absence of elements C, G, I and N was noted together with the presence of an extra Bov-tA3 and of Bov-A4 in the promoter region and the intron 1, respectively. Ruminant retroposons are highly informative genetic markers that can be considered a powerful phylogenetic tool for clustering studies, animal evolutionary history, population structure and demography, rather than the setup of methods for species discrimination in meat and dairy products
Artidactyla retroposons detection at the Mediterranean river buffalo CSN1S2 gene / Cosenza, G.; Gallo, D.; Auzino, B.; Martorello, S.; Ramunno, L.; Pauciullo, A.. - 20:supplement 1(2021), pp. 151-151. (Intervento presentato al convegno ASPA 24nd Congress of the Animal Science and Production Association tenutosi a Padova (Italy) nel September 21-24) [10.1080/1828051X.2021.1968170].
Artidactyla retroposons detection at the Mediterranean river buffalo CSN1S2 gene
COSENZA G.;GALLO D.;
2021
Abstract
The αs2-casein is an important phosphoprotein secreted in ruminants’ milk but, nowadays, the encoding gene (CSN1S2) has not been characterized in buffaloes. In this study, we report the first characterization of buffalo CSN1S2 gene and its artiodactyla retroposons (RTs) distribution. For this purpose, we amplified and sequenced the whole gene of 2 Mediterranean river subjects eared in Campania (Italy). The gene includes 1025 bp of coding (18 exons) and 17578bp of intronic regions, 937 bp at the 5’-end and 707 bp at the 3’-end and it is characterized by 13 RTs. The first (named A) is located in the promoter region and appears to be a Bov-tA2. Further 2 elements are located in intron 1 (B and C) and show a strong similarity with L1_Art sequence. Two Bov-tA2 are located in the intron 2 (D and E). The intron eight includes a Bov-B (F), whereas the intron 12 contains a Bov-A2 (G). Five additional retroposons (H, I, L, M, N) are located in the intron 13 (Bov-tA1), 15 (Bov-A2) and 17 (Bov-tA1, Bov-B, Bov-A2). Finally, a Bov-tA2 (O) is located in the 3’ UT, near to the last exon. The observed RTs represent 19.45% of the whole gene. This figure decreases considerably in the bovine and caprine/ovine counterpart because of presence/absence of RTs observed in these species. In particular, the bovine CSN1S2 does not show the element B and C and, at the same time, includes expanded Bov-A monomers (Bov-A3 in cattle and Bov-A2, G in buffalo). Sheep and goat have a similar gene structure and, when compared to buffalo, the absence of elements C, G, I and N was noted together with the presence of an extra Bov-tA3 and of Bov-A4 in the promoter region and the intron 1, respectively. Ruminant retroposons are highly informative genetic markers that can be considered a powerful phylogenetic tool for clustering studies, animal evolutionary history, population structure and demography, rather than the setup of methods for species discrimination in meat and dairy productsI documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
