Approaches to Human and Machine Translation Quality Assessment

In both research and practice, translation quality assessment is a complex task involving a range of linguistic and extra-linguistic factors. This chapter provides a critical overview of the established and developing approaches to the definition and measurement of translation quality in human and machine translation workflows across a range of research, educational, and industry scenarios. We intertwine literature from several interrelated disciplines dealing with contemporary translation quality assessment and, while we acknowledge the need for diversity in these approaches, we argue that there are fundamental and widespread issues that remain to be addressed, if we are to consolidate our knowledge and practice of translation quality assessment in increasingly technologised environments across research, teaching, and professional practice.