Il papa e l’anticristo: poteri universali e attese escatologiche all’epoca di Innocenzo IV e Federico II

In the last session of the Council of Lyons (1245, July 17), Pope Innocent IV deposed the Emperor Frederick II Hohenstaufen. That event sharpened the already violent propaganda and conflict between the papal and the imperial chancellery, but also marked the end of an era dominated by the universal bipolarity of Pope and Emperor. The Council of Lyons opened the way to the uncontrollable explosion of the ancient Europe. The national states, placing themselves outside and sometimes against the empire, were no longer willing to recognize the hegemonic superiority of absolute and distant mystical authority.