Zero Emission in Ports: optimizing Energy Hubs to power international ships traffic with renewable energy

In response to the escalating imperative to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from maritime operations, this study proposes a comprehensive strategy to achieve zero emissions in ports through the implementation of renewable energy hubs. These hubs encompass multifaceted solutions for power production and energy storage. By integrating these components, ports can facilitate emissions-free operations for international ships, addressing the pressing need for sustainable maritime practices. The study introduces a framework for modelling and optimization of ports energy hubs, which entails evaluation of factors such as geographical suitability, renewable energy potential, and shipping routes. Specifically, our analysis includes the assessment of hydrogen production capacities, efficient storage mechanisms, and streamlined bunkering processes to ensure their integration with maritime operations. Furthermore, the incorporation of cold ironing technologies and battery charging infrastructure enables ships to connect to shore-based power sources, reducing reliance on onboard generators and minimizing emissions during port stays. Critical to the success of these initiatives is the proper harvesting of renewable energy to sustain zero-emission operations throughout the duration of ships' stays in port. Consequently, our research emphasizes the necessity of evaluating and synergizing the operations of international ports to maximize the utilization of renewable resources and optimize energy distribution. Fostering collaboration and knowledge sharing among ports can facilitate balanced growth within the global maritime industry while advancing the transition towards sustainable and environmentally responsible practices. Through the proposed framework, this study offers insights and strategies to boost the adoption of zero emission technologies within port environments, paving the way for a greener and more resilient maritime sector on a global scale.