Towards zero-emission building mall: hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach

The European Green Deal has introduced the Zero-Emission Buildings as a strategy for the total decarbonization of the building stock by 2050. The first strategy is to implement energy efficiency measures and exploit renewable energy sources to reduce operational CO2 emissions. Given the different stakeholders involved in the energy efficiency process and the multiple energy efficiency interventions related to several design variables, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) analyses can be very useful. This paper proposes a hybrid MCDM methodology tested on an existing mall in Southern Italy. Energy analyses are conducted through DesignBuilder software. Different interventions are proposed evaluating the electrical energy saving, the Net Present Value and the Discounted PayBack period. The hybrid MCDM process defines the ranking of the solutions considering the point of view of two different stakeholders. This methodology gives robustness to the proposed solutions, but there is no common solution between the two stakeholders for the mall.