Is advanced neuroimaging for neuroradiologists? A systematic review of the scientific literature of the last decade

urpose To evaluate if advanced neuroimaging research is mainly conducted by imaging specialists, we investigated the number of first authorships by radiologists and nonradiologist scientists in articles published in the field of advanced neuroimaging in the past 10 years. Methods Articles in the field of advanced neuroimaging identified in this retrospective bibliometric analysis were divided in four groups, depending on the imaging technique used. For all included studies, educational background of the first authors was recorded (based on available on-line curriculum vitae) and classified in subgroups, depending on their specialty. Finally, journal impact factors (IF) were recorded and comparatively assessed among subgroups as a metric of research quality. Results A total number of 3831 articles were included in the study. Radiologists account as first authors for only 12,8% of these publications, while 56.9% of first authors were researchers without a medical degree. Mean IF of journals with non-MD researchers as first authors was significantly higher than the MD subgroup (p<10-20), while mean IF of journals with radiologists as first authors was significantly lower than articles authored by other MD specialists (p<10-11). Conclusions The majority of the studies in the field of advanced neuroimaging in the last decade is conducted by professional figures other than radiologists, who account for less than the 13% of the publications. Furthermore, the mean IF value of radiologists-authored articles was the lowest among all subgroups. These results, taken together, should question the radiology community about its future role in the development of advanced neuroimaging.