Autism spectrum disorder

Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a complex heterogeneous condition that is characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, and behavior which mostly co-exists with several comorbidities. The current prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in the general population is estimated to be 1 in 68 children. Despite significant advances in research and multiple treatment options, the management of the disease remains poor. Although there are governmental services and few non-governmental organizations working for individuals with autism, there is no official data available regarding the incidence and prevalence of autism in Malta Methods: This study focuses on the need of increasing awareness for autism spectrum disorder in Malta among the general public and health care professionals which would benefit a better understanding of the disorder for early diagnosis and more effective treatments. This was best provided through questionnaires. Results: Our survey revealed that only a limited percentage of the Maltese population had some knowledge about the symptoms, age of onset, potential causes of the disease and treatment options for autism. Conclusion: There is an immense need for improvement regarding the awareness of autism in Malta to estimate the exact burden of the disorder and make the latest diagnostic and treatment options available to the people living with this disease on the island.