L’identificazione del Rischio Edilizio come fase necessaria per la gestione degli scenari multi-rischio

Designing resilient solutions and systems to mitigate vulnerabilities is the main purpose of risk management techniques. The workflow to achieve this goal is based on three phases: risk identification, risk analysis and, in the end, risk evaluation. This hierarchical process highlights the importance of risk identification prior to any mitigation action. The analysis of the scientific literature regarding the study of risks associated with buildings shows a specifically oriented focus on the assessment of high-intensity and low-frequency risks impacting on buildings. Important gaps emerge in the assessment of risks generated by the building itself on the context due to damage-susceptibility that its constructive components can suffer as a consequence of natural degradation, use or due to low-intensity and highfrequency risks. This type of risk, defined as internal risk, is closely related to building elements’ “intrinsic vulnerability”. In relation to the impact that it might produce, for example in terms of elements and finishes falling from the building envelope on the road, this vulnerability turns into a further hazard factor for the context. In this scenario, building components turn from “factors at risk” to “risk factors”. The combination of external risks impacting on buildings and internal risks generated by the impact of building systems themselves on the urban ones, constitutes the overall Building Risk. Defining the latter appears necessary in a holistic view of multi-risk analysis. The contribution comes to identify and define these two rates of external and internal risk by: a bibliometric survey on the concept of risk; the analysis of concepts underlying risk scenarios related to the built environment; the definition of parameters useful for the analysis and assessment of internal risk; the development of a definition of internal risk that, together with the rate of external risks, complete the definition of Building Risk.