Comprehensive assessment and energetic-exergetic performance optimization of a new solar thermal electricity system based on Scheffler-type receivers combined with screw-type volumetric machines

This study explores the potential of a novel solar-powered cascade Rankine cycle system based on Scheffler-type receivers combined with screw expanders. Specifically, in this solar power system, steam is generated in the Scheffler-type receiver, which proves to be well performing compared with other technological solutions to exploit solar energy, due to satisfactory efficiency of the focal receiver that is able to curtail heat losses, even at high evaporation temperatures. Subsequently, steam expands in the screw machines which, unlike conventional steam turbines, are specially fitting in energy conversion with vapor-liquid mixes in the field from tens to hundreds of kW. In the present study, comprehensive assessment of this renewable energy power system is thoroughly conducted in a large range of operating states. For this purpose, specific numerical models and basic criteria fixed for the screw expanders and Scheffler receivers part-load behavior are combined with thermodynamic formulations established for energetic-exergetic performance optimization of the entire solar thermal electricity plant. Hence, parametric optimization of the major thermodynamic factors involved at part-load operating situations is conducted to enhance the energetic and exergetic efficiencies of the designed solar thermal power system.