LBW of Similar and Dissimilar Skin-Stringer Joints. Part I: Process optimization and Mechanical Characterization

Laser beam welding of light alloys has always represented a big challenge for both designers and technologists due to the large number of process parameters to take into account and the variable responses of the different materials to be welded. In this paper the results of experimental research on laser beam welds of innovative heat treatable aluminum alloys is reported. The well known T geometry (a stringer welded to a skin) has been considered. Two different skins have been analyzed: AA 2139 and AA 6156, both in form of rolled sheets. Two different stringer have been analyzed: AA 2139 and PA 765, both in form of extruded parts. AA 4047 has been used as filler wire. In the first part of the paper, all the steps leading to the realization of sound welds will be described. The criteria used in order to assess the soundness of a weld was the absence of defects, such as cracks or large pores, verified by means of NDE. In the second part of study, both micro structural analysis and mechanical characterization of welds will be described and discussed. Conclusions will demonstrate the importance of the influence of chemical composition of the parts, above all stringer. The performance of the best welds, however, were very close to those of parent materials.