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In Arendt’s reflection of vita activa the main feature of human action must be understood in all its ontological relevance as the permanent possibility-to-be-otherwise. On the contrary, the Western tradition of political philosophy thinks of human ac- tion as a behavior which should conform itself to universal rules. The paper investigates Arendt’s stress on the fundamental con- nection between action and beginning in order to propose a general re-reading of her thinking as a radical rehabilitation of ontological contingency.