Background: The efficacy and tolerability of eculizumab were assessed in REGAIN, a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and its open-label extension. Methods: Attainment of ‘minimal symptom expression’ was evaluated using patient-reported outcome measures of gMG symptoms [MG activities of daily living scale (MG-ADL), 15-item MG quality of life questionnaire (MG-QOL15)] at the completion of REGAIN and during the open-label extension. ‘Minimal symptom expression’ was defined as MG-ADL total score of 0–1 or MG-QOL15 total score of 0–3. Results: At REGAIN week 26, more eculizumab-treated patients achieved ‘minimal symptom expression’ versus placebo [MG-ADL: 21.4% vs 1.7%; difference 19.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.5, 31.0; p = 0.0007; MG-QOL15: 16.1% vs 1.7%; difference 14.4%; 95% CI 4.3, 24.6; p = 0.0069]. During the open-label extension, the proportion of patients in the placebo/eculizumab group who achieved ‘minimal symptom expression’ increased after initiating eculizumab treatment and was sustained through 130 weeks of open-label eculizumab (MG-ADL: 1.7 to 27.8%; MG-QOL15: 1.7 to 19.4%). At extension study week 130, similar proportions of patients in the eculizumab/eculizumab and placebo/eculizumab groups achieved ‘minimal symptom expression’ (MG-ADL: 22.9% and 27.8%, respectively, p = 0.7861; MG-QOL15: 14.3% and 19.4%, respectively, p = 0.7531). The long-term tolerability of eculizumab was consistent with previous reports. Conclusions: Patients with AChR+ refractory gMG who receive eculizumab can achieve sustained ‘minimal symptom expression’ based on patient-reported outcomes. ‘Minimal symptom expression’ may be a useful tool in measuring therapy effectiveness in gMG. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01997229, NCT02301624.

‘Minimal symptom expression’ in patients with acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive refractory generalized myasthenia gravis treated with eculizumab / Vissing, J., Jacob, S., Fujita, K.P., O'Brien, F., Howard, J.F., Mazia, C.G., Wilken, M., Barroso, F., Saba, J., Rugiero, M., Bettini, M., Chaves, M., Vidal, G., Garcia, A.D., Debleecker, J., Vanden Abeele, G., Dekoning, K., Demey, K., Mercelis, R., Mahieu, D., et al.. - In: JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY. - ISSN 0340-5354. - 267:7(2020), pp. 1991-2001. [10.1007/s00415-020-09770-y]

‘Minimal symptom expression’ in patients with acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive refractory generalized myasthenia gravis treated with eculizumab

Sacca F.;Filla A.;Costabile T.;Marano E.;Marsili A.;Puorro G.;
2020

Abstract

Background: The efficacy and tolerability of eculizumab were assessed in REGAIN, a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and its open-label extension. Methods: Attainment of ‘minimal symptom expression’ was evaluated using patient-reported outcome measures of gMG symptoms [MG activities of daily living scale (MG-ADL), 15-item MG quality of life questionnaire (MG-QOL15)] at the completion of REGAIN and during the open-label extension. ‘Minimal symptom expression’ was defined as MG-ADL total score of 0–1 or MG-QOL15 total score of 0–3. Results: At REGAIN week 26, more eculizumab-treated patients achieved ‘minimal symptom expression’ versus placebo [MG-ADL: 21.4% vs 1.7%; difference 19.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.5, 31.0; p = 0.0007; MG-QOL15: 16.1% vs 1.7%; difference 14.4%; 95% CI 4.3, 24.6; p = 0.0069]. During the open-label extension, the proportion of patients in the placebo/eculizumab group who achieved ‘minimal symptom expression’ increased after initiating eculizumab treatment and was sustained through 130 weeks of open-label eculizumab (MG-ADL: 1.7 to 27.8%; MG-QOL15: 1.7 to 19.4%). At extension study week 130, similar proportions of patients in the eculizumab/eculizumab and placebo/eculizumab groups achieved ‘minimal symptom expression’ (MG-ADL: 22.9% and 27.8%, respectively, p = 0.7861; MG-QOL15: 14.3% and 19.4%, respectively, p = 0.7531). The long-term tolerability of eculizumab was consistent with previous reports. Conclusions: Patients with AChR+ refractory gMG who receive eculizumab can achieve sustained ‘minimal symptom expression’ based on patient-reported outcomes. ‘Minimal symptom expression’ may be a useful tool in measuring therapy effectiveness in gMG. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01997229, NCT02301624.
2020
‘Minimal symptom expression’ in patients with acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive refractory generalized myasthenia gravis treated with eculizumab / Vissing, J., Jacob, S., Fujita, K.P., O'Brien, F., Howard, J.F., Mazia, C.G., Wilken, M., Barroso, F., Saba, J., Rugiero, M., Bettini, M., Chaves, M., Vidal, G., Garcia, A.D., Debleecker, J., Vanden Abeele, G., Dekoning, K., Demey, K., Mercelis, R., Mahieu, D., et al.. - In: JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY. - ISSN 0340-5354. - 267:7(2020), pp. 1991-2001. [10.1007/s00415-020-09770-y]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11588/812101
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